If you’ve ever noticed your gums bleeding while brushing or flossing, you’re not alone. Bleeding gums are one of the most common signs that something isn’t quite right with your oral health — and understanding why it happens is the first step to protecting your smile.

The most frequent cause of bleeding gums is gingivitis — a mild inflammation of the gums caused by plaque build-up along the gum line. Plaque is a sticky film of bacteria that forms on your teeth, and when it’s not cleaned away properly, it irritates your gums, causing them to become red, swollen, and prone to bleeding.

But gingivitis isn’t the only reason your gums might bleed. Brushing too hard, using a hard-bristled toothbrush, certain medications, and vitamin deficiencies (especially Vitamin C and K) can also contribute. Smoking is another major factor — it not only increases your risk of gum disease but also slows down your body’s ability to heal.

In some cases, bleeding gums can be an early warning sign of periodontitis, a more serious form of gum disease that affects the bone supporting your teeth. Left untreated, periodontitis can lead to gum recession, loose teeth, and even tooth loss.

The good news? Early treatment and prevention make a huge difference. Regular dental check-ups, gentle brushing and flossing, and stopping smoking can help keep your gums healthy.

If your gums bleed regularly — especially if you also notice swelling, pain, or persistent bad breath — don’t ignore it. Book an appointment with your dentist to get checked.

Healthy gums are the foundation of a healthy smile. Taking small steps today can prevent bigger dental problems tomorrow.